AP Lit Types of Poems and Rhyme

lyric
short, subjective poem with imagination and melody that creates a single impression (shows Emotions of speaker, poet)

narrative
tells a story with regular rhyme scheme

sonnet
14-line poem (Shakespearean, Petrarchan)

ode
elaborate lyric poem that deals seriously with an important subject

blank verse
unrhymed iambic pentameter (Shakespeare)

free verse
unrhymed lines without a particular rhythm

epic
long, narrative poem recounting the adventures of a hero

dramatic monologue
a lyric poem in which a speaker tells an unidentifiable listener about an event, called “the soul in motion” by some

elegy
mournful poem about death

ballad
simple, narrative poem to be sung or recited

idyll
short lyric poem that is descriptive, narrative, and pastoral (shepherd life)

villanelle
a nineteen-line French poem with five tercets and a quatrain with the rhyme aba aba aba aba aba abaa; lines 1, 6, 12, 18, and 3, 9, 15, 19 are refrains

light verse
humorous, witty poetry written to entertain (ex: lyric, limerick)

haiku
serious Japanese poem in three lines of five, seven, and five syllables

limerick
humorous poem in five anapestic lines rhyming aabba with the a-lines being trimeter and b-lines being dimeter

terza rima
three-line stanza rhymed aba, bcb, cdc

heroic couplet
couplets written in iambic pentameter

rhyme royal
seven-line stanza of iambic pentameter rhymed ababbcc

ballad meter
alternating lines of four and three accents

rime
old spelling of rhyme

end rhyme
rhyme at the end of lines

internal rhyme
rhyme within a line

rhyme scheme
pattern of rhyme

masculine rhyme
only the last, accented syllables of the rhyming words correspond exactly in sound (ex: skies/eyes, night/light)

feminine rhyme
two consecutive syllables of the rhyming words rhyme (ex: flying/dying)

slant rhyme
rhyme that is not exact (ex: sea/beaks); Dickinson uses this often