part as representative as a whole

assigning human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts

presentation of two contrasting ideas, often balanced by a phrase or clause

a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms

bitter, caustic language designed to hurt or ridicule, often satirical or verbally ironic

deliberate exaggeration or overstatement

repetition of word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row

thing to represent a larger entity (concrete to concrete)

short statement of truth, often cliche

extended metaphor (4 lines or longer)

willfully deceitful (sinister, evil)

overconfidence about one’s own intelligence

overcompliment

human characteristics, motivations, or emotions given to animals

omission of one or more sounds in a line of poetry to create a fluent effect

addition of one or more sounds in a line of poetry to create a fluent effect

run-on lines in poetry

punctuation stops at the end of a line in poetry

complete pause in a line of poetry

repitition for effect

repetition by using similar but inverted grammatical structures

direct comparison

implied meaning of the word given

dictionary definition of a word

word order in a sentence

word choice

comparsion using “like” or “as”

reference to other works that should be understood

14-line poem in iambic pentameter

shift, change in tone

four lines

octave (8 lines), volta, sestet (6 lines)

3 quatrains of ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, then GG (rhyming couplets, theme of poem)

extended metaphor

repetition of the same consonant, or beginning several words with the same vowel sound

a technique by which a writer deliberately suggests two or more different, & sometimes conflicting, meanings in a work

simultaneous existence of conflicting feelings or thoughts

a critical or explanatory note or comment

addressing something nonhuman as if it were human

repetition of a vowel sound

unrhymed poetry with regular rhythm & line length (iambic pentameter)

unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable

the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures

play on words

an emotional release which brings about renewal of self or welcome relief

omission of word deduced for context

breaking off as if unable to continue, stopping in the midst of a sentence, or leaving a statement unfinished at a dramatic moment

the use of words that combine sharp, harsh, hissing, or unmelodious sounds (bad sound)

an elaborate or unusual comparison- uses unlikely metaphors, similes, hyperboles, & contradictions

a short, poetic nickname, often in the form of an adjective or an adjective phrase, attached to the normal name

attempting to group words together harmoniously, so that the consonants allow easy & pleasing flow of sound when spoken (good sound)

dialect or phrase that cannot be directly translated from one language to another

a form of meiosis using a negative statement

understatement & exaggeration

using contradiction in a manner that oddly makes sense on a deeper level

stating & drawing attention to something in the very act of pretending to pass it over

when a writer ascribes human feelings of characters to inanimate objects

circumlocatory phrase- describing something instead of saying it

takes one type of sensory imput & comingles with another separate sense in an impossible way

a rhetorical device or figure of speech involving shifts in the meanings of words

artfully using a single verb to refer to two different objects in an ungrammatical but striking way (“bonding”)

reference to an historical event

discribes the moment of tragic recognition in which the protagonist realizes some important fact or insight (“recognition”)

a descent in literature when a poet or writer strives to hard to be passionate or elevated & falls into trivial or stupid imagery, phrasing, or ideas (“depth”)

a description of a person using exaggeration of some characteristics & oversimplification of others

an unrealistic or unexpected inervention to rescue the protagonists or resolve the story’s conflict

the sudden flare into revelation of an ordinary object or scene

narrative technique where the story begins either at the midpoint or conclusion

thinking in words, also the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level

saying or doing one thing but meaning the other

a statement in which its actual meaning differs sharply from the meaning the words seem to express

accidental events occure that seem oddly appropriate

a situation in which the reader knows something that the character does not

the effect when a story is interrupted to remind the reader that it is not just a story

disparity between human desires & the harsh realities of the outside world

a dramatic form characterized by excessive sentiment exaggerated emotion, sensational & thrilling action, & an artificially happy ending

distinctive language used by poets

an original model or pattern from which other copies are made, especially a character, action, or situation that seems to represent common patterns in human life

a private symbol; a symbol to which an artist assigns a personal meaning

mental pictures experienced when reading a piece of literature

a recurring element which appears frequently in works of literature

a word, phrase, character, or object that means something beyond what it is at a literal level

a central idea or statement that unifies & controls an entire literary work

an argument that the writer supports

the means of creating a relationship or conveying an attitude or mood

fixed number of stresses per line or stanza regardless of number of syllables that are present

fixes both number of stresses & syllables within a line or stanza

alteration of long syllables & short syllables

a basic unit of meter consisting of a set of strong stresses & light stresses

a lightly stressed syllable followed by a heavily stressed one

a stressed syllable followed by a light syllable

a stressed syllable followed by two light syllables

two light syllables followed by a stressed syllable

a metric foot consisting of twoo successive strong beats

two unaccented short syllables

narrative poem consisting of four quatrains of iambic tetrameter, alternating with iambic trimeter

rhyme in which the last word at the end of each verse is the word that rhymes

poetic device in which a word in the middle of a line rhymes with a word at the end of the same metrical line

rhymes that end with a heavy stress on the last syllable in each rhyming word

rhyme with the final syllables unstressed

rhyming two words in which both the consonant sounds & vowel sounds match to create a rhyme

rhymes created out of words with similar buy not identical sounds

two lines of poetry, right next to each other, of the same metric length that end in a rhyme to form a complete unit

a three-line unit or stanza of poetry

a three-line stanza form with interlocking rhymes that move from one stanza to another

a five-line closed form of poetry which the first two lines consist of trimeter, dimeter, & a final line of trimeter

39-line poem consisting of six stanzas of six lines each

a line stanza rhyming in an ABABBCBCCpattern in which the first eight lines are pentameter & the last line is an alexandrine

only two rhyming sounds- first & third lines of first stanza rhyme

an original thought, spoken or written in a concise & memorable form

a work that ridicules a topic by treating something exhalted as if it were trivial

morally instructive pieces of literature

a somber song of lament expressing mourning or grief

literature written about a fictional society that is very unpleasant in which ominous tendencies of our present social, political, & technological orders are projected in some disastrous future culmination

any poem dealing with the subject matter, written in elegiac meter, of complaints about love, sustained formal lamentation, or somber meditations

a short motto or verse at the beginning of a longer poem (“an inscription”)

fiction in which the subject of the story is the act or art of storytelling of itself

genre of crime literature featuring tough, cynical characters & bleak settings

German coming-of-age story

humorous novel in which the plot consists of a young character’s misadventures in a comic or satirical form

a written, fictional, prose narrative usually longer than a novelette but shorter than a novel

a genre of poetry that expresses personal & emotional feelings

a literary or other artistic genre or technique that is imitation

a mode of literature in which the author employs various techniques to place the complex life into a simple one

a comedy which aims at entertaining the audience

Japanese musical drama