The aristocratic composer poets of Northern France were the ____.
trouveres
The term ___ refers to any serious latin song with a rhymed, rhythmical text regardless of the subject.
conductus
Love was a main topic of secular song among the troubadours,
trouveres, minnesinger, and ____.
The notation of secular song included only the ____ was notated precisely.
?
Secular song in Germany was influenced by the music of the ___ but was written in German.
Troubadours
The estampie and instampita were ___ forms.
dance
_____ was expressed in song usually described a man who loves and unattainable or unavailable woman
fine amour/ courtly love
The ___ is a five stringed instrument played with a bow.
vielle
The ___ is similar to the oboe.
shawm
Percussion instruments in the Middle Ages included __ and ___.
pipe and tabor
Portative and positive refer to two types of a _____.
organ
Chanson de Roland is an example of a ____.
chanson de geste (song of deeds)
The troubadours wrote and sang songs in what language?
Occitan
The Cantigas de Santa Maria were written in what language?
Galician-Portuguese
___ were traveling entertainers who juggled as well as sang.
jongleurs
___ were students who sang secular songs in Latin
goliards
The surviving examples of secular song include a few thousand texts but only some have ____.
melodies
Bar form can be expressed as ____.
AAB
A Chansonnier is a book of ____.
secular songs with french words
Adam de la Halle’s Jeu de Robin et Marion is an example of a ____.
musical play
versus
type of latin sacred song, either monophonic or polyphonicsetting a rhymed, rhythmic poemsometimes attached to liturgymusic newly composed, not adapted from chant
Conductus
similar to versusrhymed, rhythmical texts in Latin original music “conduct” a celebrant or liturgical book from one location to another during liturgy
Goliard
text in latin goliards, wandering students and clerics goliard songs: topics include religious themes, satire, and celebration of earthly pleasures such as eating and drinking
vernacular
native language or dialect
epic
long poem, from oral transmission, narrating and adventures of heroic/legendary figures in historyin N. French vernacular Epics in other countries, Beowulf, Norse eddas, and German Song of the Nibelungs were likely sung but music was not written down. Bards in celtic lands sang epics in banquets, accompanied themselves on harp or fiddle
Chanson de Geste
“song of deeds” medieval French epic recounting deeds of national heros sung in melodic formulas little music has survived most famous: song of roland
Bard
medieval poet/ singer, especially of epics Bards in Celtic lands sang at banquets, accompanied themselves on harp or fiddle
jongleur
French; medieval musician; street performer
minstrel
traveling musician, some emploted at a court or cityspecialized musicianmany highly paid, unlike jongleur
troubadour
poet/composer of southern france wrote monophonic songslanguage: Occitan
Trouvere
poet/composer of Northern francemonophonic songsLanguage: Old French
trobairitz
female troubadour
chansonnier
surviving manuscript collection of secular songs with French words used for collections of monophonic troubadour and trouvere songs and for collections of polyphonic songs
courtly love
fine amour; idealized love for unattainable women who are admired from a distance: central theme of troubadours and trouveres
roundeau
ABaAabAB capital letters- refrainundercase- new text set to music from refrainFrench Forme Fixe Robin M’aime <-- rondeau
Minnesinger
Knightly poet; musicians who wrote in Middle High German modeled on troubadour sang love songs; strophic AAB–bar form rhythmic notation unclear crusade songs new genre
Bar Form
song from where first section of melody is sung twice with different texts A: Stollen (same poetic meter, rhyme scheme, and melody) B: Abgesang (longer, end with all or last part of A) AAB
Lauda
Italian devotional songsacred Italian monophonic songs14th century – most polyphonic sung in processions of religious penitents and in gatherings for prayer
Cantiga
medieval monophonic song in spanish or portuguese cantigas de santa maria honor of virgin mary Galician-Portuguese have refrains most verses in AAB form
Vielle
stringed instrument; early form of fiddle
Hurdy Gurdy
3 stringed vielle played mechanically with a hand crank 2 strings drone
psaltry
ancestor of harpsichord and piano strings attached to frame over a wooden sounding boardplayers pluck the strings
transverse flute
similar to modern flute made from wood or ivoryno keys, only holes
shawn
double reed instrument similar to oboe
piper and tabor
left hand fingered a high whistle right hand beat small drum with stick
portative organ
played by one hand while other worked the bellows one set of pipes small enough to be carried around
Positive Organ
placed on a tableassistant pumped bellows as music played
Carole
medieval circle or line dance monophonic song that accompanied it instrumentalists also participated popular dance in France
Estampie
most common medieval instrument dance several sections, played twice but with different endings first : open (ouvert) or incompletesecond: closed (clos) or completetriple meter
Instampie
14th century Italian relative of estampie same form, with repeating sections, but sections are longermeter duple or compound
