A comparison made between two dissimilar things using like or as

A comparison made between two unlike things (without like or as)

An animal, object, natural force, or idea is given personality is described as if it were human

Exaggeration, or overstatement, for effect

(Same as short story)

The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, phrases, or sentences (“Fair is foul, and foul is fair”)

A reference to a person, place, event, or literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and understand

Something very closely associated with anything is used to stand for just the thing itself (Ex. Crown for king)

Substitutes a part for a whole (Ex. Feet or hands for people)

And absent or a dead person, an abstract quality, or something nonhuman is addressed directly (“O Spring”)

Understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of the contrary (“not a bad singer”)

Combines opposite or contradictory ideas or terms (“wise fool”)

Truth in both sides of a contradictory statement

A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllable’s in poetry

A unit of meter

Unstressed, stressed

5 feet

The dropping of a syllable for purposes of meter (over > o’er)

A forced pause in poetry

Turning the line

Rhyme at the end of lines

Rhyme within a line of poetry

Repetition of consonant sounds (“She sells sea shells)

Repetition of vowel sounds.

The use of a word whose sound in some degree imitates or suggests its meaning

A word, phrase, line, or group of lines repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end of each stanza

The pattern of the end rhyme

A story told in verse and usually meant to be song (passed down orally from generation to generation)

Imitates the style of the folk ballad

A poem that tells a story

A type of light humorous poem

A poem that expresses a speaker’s thoughts or feelings

A 14 line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter

A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject

Used in poetry (as a paragraph is used for prose)

Words arranged in an unusual order

Unrhymed iambic pentamerer

No rhyme scheme, no meter

The use of phrases, clauses, or sentences that are similar or complementary in structure or in meaning

The person who speaks in a literary work, from the Latin word mask

A statement that reveals a kind of true, although it seems at first to be self contradictory and untrue