Cronus
Ruler of the Titans; banished by hos son Zeus
Zeus
Chief god; rules the sky; has a thunderbolt as a weapon and a bad temper
Poseidon
Rules the sea; likes horses; has a three-pronged spear called a trident
Hades
Rules the underworld; has a helmet of invisibility and a three-headed dog
Demeter
Earth goddess of of corn and agriculture
Persephone
Daughter of Demeter; wife of Hades; a symbol of springtime
Hera
Queen of the gods; protector of marriage, likes cows and peacocks, jealous
Hestia
Goddess of hearth and home
Athena
Goddess of wisdom, battle strategy, crafts
Hephaestus
God of fire; the blacksmith of the gods
Apollo
God of music, light, youth, healing, archery, prophecy
Artemis
Goddess of the moon, hunting, wild animals, childbirth
Ares
War
Aphrodite
Goddess of love, beauty, and pleasure
Eros
God of love; could make people fall in love with a shot from his bow and arrow
Hermes
Messenger of the god; god of secrets, tricks, merchants and thieves
Dionysus
God of wine and theater
adjacent
next to, adjoining
candor
honesty, sincerity
compassion
awareness or sympathy for the suffering of another person
democratic
of or for the people, relating to the government
dispersed
to scatter, or to distribute
doleful
sad or full of grief
duress
a threat of harm facing someone, which makes someone act against their will
irk
to irritate, to annoy
ratify
to formally approve or sanction (allow)
sobriety
serious in manner or nature
sobriety
the state of obtaining from drugs or alcohal
stagnate
to become inactive or motionless
subordinate
lower in rank or importance
talons
the claw of a bird or prey
taut
pulled, stretched, or drawn tight
wallow
to roll around in something unclean
alliteration
words with the same beginning sound
onomatopia
words that sound like the sound they make
ballad
a poem or song narrating a story
haiku
a poem with a 5,7,5 syllabic beat
rhyme
words that have the same ending sound
similie
comparing using like or as
metaphor
comparing without using like or as
stanza
the grouping of lines in a poem
repitition
repeating of the same words or sounds
refrain
repetition of the ending lines in a poem
rhythm
the beat of the poem
personification
giving something that is not alive human-like characteristics
limerick
a humorous short story with rhythm
concrete poem
a poem in the shape of what it’s about
narrative
free verse poem telling a story
ode
a poem praising someone or something
what is the greek name for vesta
hestia
what is the greek name for saturn
cronus
what is the greek name for jupiter
zeus
what is the greek name for juno
hera
what is the greek name for mars
ares
what is the greek name for neptune
poseidon
what is the greek name for apollo
apollo
what is the greek name for diana
artemis
what is the greek name for pluto
hades
what is the greek name for cupid
eros
what is the greek name for venus
aphrodite
what is the greek name for vulcan
hephaestus
what is the greek name for mercury
hermes
what is the greek name for minerva
athena
what is the greek name for ceres
demeter
what is the greek name for bacchus
dionysus
what is the area of power for vesta (hestia)
hearth
what is the area of power for bacchus ( dionysus)
wine; music
what is the area of power for saturn (cronus)
ruler of the titans
what is the area of power for Jupiter (zeus)
the sky; the weather; the chief god
what is the area of power for juno (hera)
queen of the gods; protector of woman and marriage
what is the area of power for mars (ares)
war
what is the area of power for neptune (poseidon)
the seas
what is the area of power for Apollo (apollo)
the sun; youth; archery; healing; music
what is the area of power for diana (artemis)
the moon; hunting; wild animals; child birth
what is the area of power for pluto (hades)
the under world
what is the area of power for cupid (Eros)
love
what is the area of power for venus (aphrodite)
love ;beauty; pleasure
what is the area of power for vulcan (Hephaestus)
fire; crafts man for the gods
what is the area of power for mercury (hermes)
messenger of the gods
what is the area of power for minerva (athena)
wisdom; war; crafts
what is the area of power for ceres (demeter)
an earth godess
What is a characteristic of Greek architecture that you can see in many American buildings today?
columns
What are a some of famous buildings that are built like the ancient Greece and Rome?
Capital building, New York Public Library, Saint Paul’s Cathedral, White House
Why do we need to know about Greek and roman mythology?
If you read poetry in english you may come across greek words that poets and artist expect us to know.
List the different fields of study and governmental systems that influenced our current way of life.
astronomy, mathematics, philosophy, architecture, Medicine ,Monetary system, Democracy
What does democracy mean?
Comes from the Greek word demokratia, meaning “rule of the people.” First flourished in the ancient Greek city-state of Athens.
Most of the myths come from the part of the world around the _________.
mediterranean sea
The stories were passed from generation to generation by word of mouth by the many tribes who passed through or lived in what is now _________ and _________.
Greece and western turkey
Many years the ______ were written down.
myths
who were the first collectors of greece myths?
Homer and Hesiod
What was homer’s famous poems
His two great epic poems are the lliad, and the odyssey
What were Hesiod’s 2 famous books?
His two books are called Theogony (which means “the origin of the gods”) and Work and Days.
Who were the famous collectors of roman myths?
Ovid and Virgil
What did Ovid write?
metamorphoses
What was Virgil’s famous book called
He wrote a long epic called the Aenied
What were the classic myths used for?
1. To explain the creation of the world2.
To explain natural phenomena3. To give story form to ancient religious practices 4. To teach moral lessons5.
To explain history6. To express the deepest fears and hopes of the human race
What do you think he means?”Mythology teaches you what’s behind literature and the arts; it teaches you about your own life.”
it means that mythology teaches you the very beginning of literature and arts and that it can teach you more than you know.
Every culture has its own stories, which are called folktales. They are often passed down by word of mouth, which is called ________.
tradition
Myths
stories that are considered sacred or highly important to a particular culture.
Explain _______ of universe(the weather, human behavior, stars, planets, etc.)What folktale?
mysteries and myth
Explain how something connected with __________ or __________ came to be.
What folktale?
humans, nature and myth
Help to create and maintain the ______, _______, ________, and __________ of a society What folktale?
values, beliefs, rituals, customs and myth
Include beings that have abilities that _______ do not. What folktale?
humans and myth
Legends
based on real people and events, although the majority of the tale is fiction.
Tell about a hero or _______ who has unusual powers.
Legend and heroine
Focus on the ________ struggle to defeat a powerful force
Legend and protagonist’s
Highlight a positive quality or way of __________.
Legend and behaving
Fables
are brief stories that teach a lesson, or moral, about human nature.
Usually include animal characters that stand for specific human qualities, such as _______ or __________.
Fable and kindness, or dishonesty
have a ________ that is directly stated at the end or indirectly communicated through what happens in the fable.
Fable and moral
Tall Tales
are humorous exaggerated stories about impossible events.
Star a hero or heroine who is larger than life—that is _____, _____ and even _______ than a regular person
Tall Tales and bigger ,stronger, and even louder
Use _______ to emphasize the abilities and achievements of the hero or heroine
Tall Tales and exaggeration
basic plot of the story Demeter and persephone
hades kidnaps persephone
characters in the story demeter and persephone
erosdemeterpersephone hades zueshermesaphrodite
punishments that take place in the story demeter
-things become hard for anyone trying to grow crops due to the river nymph not revealing the location of persephone
theme of demeter and persephone
you can’t make someone love you
natural phenomonon
seasons
what happens in the story
cupid strikes hades with a love arrow and hades falls in love with persephone and kidnaps her to be his bride a river nymph knows her location but will not speak of it due to fear of hades the world is punished with bad soil zues to try and save the world gets hermes to go and retrieve persephone once she is returned she has to go back four months a year which is fall and when she returns spring starts which is how the 4 seasons work
who is Aphrodite’s son?
eros
What did the gods bury alive under Mt. Aetna?
fire breathing giants
Who had seen Pluto carry off Persephone?
a river nymph
Why was Pluto alarmed?
because the giants were shaking the earth so much and he thought they might open a hole into the underworld and let in the light
What was Persephone filling her apron with?
ilies and violets
What did Pluto do after he saw Persephone?
What did Pluto do after he saw Persephone? he fell in love with her and immediately picked her up with one arm and drove away with her
Who did Demeter blame instead she of suspecting Pluto?
the earth
What did Demeter do to punish the land for taking her daughter?
cursed it so that it was no longer fertile and wouldn’t grow anything
Why didn’t Zeus tell Demeter where Persephone was?
he did not like to take the one joyful thing from his brother
Who did Zeus send to talk to Pluto?
Hermes
Zeus said there was one thing that would prevent Persephone from returning to her mother, what was it?
that she had not eaten any of the food in the underworld
Why didn’t she want the jewels of the underworld?
she wanted flowers, she said jewels have no fragrance
Why does Persephone have to spend one third of the year, or 4 months in the underworld each year?
one month for each pomegranate seed that she had tasted in the underworld
What happens on earth when Persephone is in the underworld each year?
nature dies, the leaves fall, and the earth stops plants from growing
Eurydice
Wife of Orpheus, bitten by a snake while dancing at her wedding, dies and goes to the Underworld
Orpheus
Husband of Eurydice, known for playing beautiful music on his lyre
what happened when Orpheus got to the under world to try and get back Eurydice?
Orpheus played beautiful songs to hypnotize the guards and people of the under world. Then when he got to the king of the dead, he told him that if he went back now and never turned back that he would send his love with him.
how does Orpheus die?
the maddens killed him
What happens to people who look at Narcissus?
they fall in love with him
What curse does Hera place on Echo?
Hera takes Echo’s voice, so she can only repeat the last words she has heard.
How does Echo react to Narcissus?
she loves him at first sight, but she is quite shy.
what eventually happens to echo
she withers away with age in a cave. only her voice remains.
With whom does Narcissus fall in love?
himself
What happens to Narcissus at the end of the story?
he turns into a flower
what is the natural phenomenon of narcissus
the echo
What is Hercules best known for?
his strength
Who was Hercules’ mother?
Alcmene
How did Hera feel about Hercules?
Hera hated him, because Zeus had fathered Hercules with another woman
What happened to Megara (Hercules wife)
Hera made Hercules insane, and he killed Megara and his children
What did Hercules do to atone (make up for) his madness?
He was told he had to obey King Eurystheus, king of Mycenae for twelve years
