n chapter 1 Sachstakes a journey to Malawi, Bangladesh, India, and China to show differentlevels of poverty.
This journey helps him set examples relating to his thesisabout poverty. His main focus is on the descending ladder of economic advancement.The ill, hungry and or destitute to get food on foot are the lowest on theladder. This mean they are at the bottom of the development ladder as well asmaking up 1/6 of the bottom population.
The poorest people in the countriesSachs visited live on less than a dollar a day. 1.5 billion people in othercounties are at the upper end of low income on the ladder. These individualsare just above the poverty level. The four countries Sachs visits areseen to have the poorest of the poor.
Malawi is known for Malaria and AIDS,seen in Sachs book as well as infested water and people living off of less thanone dollar a day. In Bangladesh Sachs talks about the cruel labor ofsweatshops, which in hopes increase more independent economic advancements tobe made. On the other hand, India is known for the country with increasingpopulation of the “middle incomes”. Many people in rural areas living off ofone to two dollars a day. While stated in Sachs first chapter, China still haspoverty, but like India is rising and increasing to resemble the west. Sachs sawthe first cell phone in Beijing and not in America.
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Sachs says the greatest tragedy ofour time is that one-sixth of the world’s population is not even on the firstrung of the ladder. Most of these individuals who are very poor, can not getout of debt and can not escape it. Disease, physical isolation, climate stress,environmental degradation, and extreme poverty itself are the main reasons whypeople can not escape poverty. He breaks poverty into three levels. The firstis extreme poverty which meanshouseholds cannot meet basic needs for survival.
This only occurs in developingcountries. The second is moderatepoverty and this is where needs are generally just barely met. Lastly, relative poverty generally describeshousehold income level at being below a given percentage of the averagenational income. You find this in developed countries. One challenge that Sachs talks aboutis how our generation has is helping the poor depart from being the poorestindividuals and advance back up he chain to economic development. Ensuring all who are the world’s poor,including moderately poor, have a chance to climb higher in economicdevelopment. Sachs believes that the following can be done, meet the MillenniumDevelopment Goals by 2015, end extreme poverty by 2025. To ensure well before2025, that all of the world’s poor countries can make reliable progress up theladder of economic development.
In order to succeed in doing so the richescountries would have to help financially, which is more than what they aredoing now. Anotherbig topic that Sachs touches upon is that poverty is everywhere. In everysingle country you will find rich and poor people. Here in the United Statesthere are rich and poor. The difference between the poor in America and thepoor in third world countries is that, the poor in third world countries livein extreme poverty and where as in America the poor just live in poverty.
The extreme poverty, that Sachs talked aboutare in countries like South and East Asia and Sub Saharan Africa.
