The Bargaining Power of Suppliers The bargaining power of suppliers can affects the intensity of rivalry among competitors in an industry by increase the prices or decrease the quality of the goods and services. The bargaining power of suppliers is consider high when the market only have a few product substitute raw materials, then the buyers will have lower bargaining power because the control over the prices and the quality of goods and services is with the suppliers. When the goods and services offered by the suppliers are unique and hard to be imitate, cost of switching the raw material from one supplier to another supplier is very expensive to the buyers.
Thus, the bargaining power of the suppliers is very powerful. Historically, the bargaining power of suppliers is low in the automobile industry in Malaysia. Malaysia’s automobile industry is an oligopoly market which dominated by Proton and Perodua which are the two main national car manufacturers that capturing the majority of the market share in the industry. The suppliers in this industry have lower bargaining power because the number of suppliers who produce the component of the car is large.
Majority of the suppliers were the vendors of the Proton and Perodua. Proton and Perodua can easily switch their suppliers to another suppliers who can provide high quality of goods and services at cheaper prices. Nowadays, the bargaining power of suppliers for Perodua is considered moderate. In the car manufacturing industry, the resources includes the components, metals, tires, plastic, electrical system, parts, cooling system, steel, rubber and other raw materials are used in the process of car manufacturing. Perodua has more than 100 local vendors in its automobile industry which involved in manufacturing of car parts and components in order to satisfy its needs.
Due to technology is rapidly changing across the industries, Perodua had used some of the advanced technology such as advanced electrical and heat exchange equipment, interior equipment in order to maintain competitive edge in the industry. However, there are only limited suppliers in Malaysia who able to provide or supply these types of advanced technology to the Perodua such as APM Holdings and Pecca Group. Thus, the price of goods and services is high and costly to Perodua. Nevertheless, Perodua have a strong relationship with the suppliers especially Perodua have a partnership relationship with Japanese company, Daihatsu which supply those importance advanced technology to the Perodua such as engine. Therefore, the suppliers are willing to lower the price of goods and services if Perodua could guarantee a higher orders such as produced approximately 5,000 cars a month. In fact, Perodua is doing very well with introducing Bezza model by selling 207?110 units in domestic market last year and success in negotiating for lower prices from its suppliers.
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In addition, this implies that the bargaining power of suppliers is moderate. Technology The automobile industry is one of the fast development sector as compared to the other industry. Perodua strengthen their competitive advantage by allowed the Japanese partner, Daihatsu to take a majority position in the manufacturing plant. Through a partnership with the Daihatsu, Perodua able to provide a wide range of vehicles with advanced technology and high quality at affordable prices. As a result, Perodua successfully becomes the bestselling model in Malaysia. However, the Perodua range of vehicle still contain some of the weakness which can be overcome by learning new technology from its competitors especially from Japan.
Many of its competitors such as Honda, Nissan and Toyota manufacture their vehicle with a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) instead of the traditional technology which is an automatic or manual transmission, mainly due to their efficiency. CVT have the main advantage over traditional transmission which is when vehicle travelling uphill, CVT can smoothly provide power without shifting, whereas the traditional technology will loss of power. Next, CVT will improve the engine control which will reduce the possibility that driver lose the motor control on the vehicle and it achieve better fuel economy by maximize the fuel efficiency or reduce the fuel consumption up to 30% or above. It will also provide smooth and security driving environment for the driver.
The cost of the CVT is low so it is suitable for Perodua to using it to produce high quality vehicle at affordable prices. Besides that, the body structure of the Perodua vehicle is also need to be improve in order to reduce the number of road accident fatality with deaths. Perodua should adopt the advanced technology of Toyota. One of the safety features of Toyota Vios is the energy absorption body structure that reduce the impact of collision on vehicle and emphasize on the better safety performance. This is an excellent safety performance attributed to its high tensile body frame that effectively absorbs and dispenses impact energy in a frontal collision while dispersing high impact energy during side collision. By using this technology, it will strengthen the body structure of Perodua vehicle and reduce the injury of the driver and passenger during a collision. Moreover, Perodua may also adopt the advanced technology of the Toyota in order to further improve its safety performance and reduce the accidents especially driving at night.
The Electro Chromic Mirror will provide better visibility for driver when driving at night by automatically adjusts the amount of reflected glare. Besides, there are high number of blind spot accidents occur each year in Malaysia because driver are unable to see the oncoming vehicles due to the part in the vehicle blocked their line of sight. Perodua should adopt the blind spot monitor technology from Toyota as a tool of lane change assist for driver in order to better detect a vehicles. The blind spot monitor will flashed a sign on the side mirror to warns driver for any oncoming vehicles before changing lanes. However, the cost of the Electro Chromic Mirror is a little bit high so Perodua may adopt other similar technology to replace it in order to lower down the cost.
Safety feature should be the top priority for every consumer when buying a new car. In order to reduce the road accident victims and decrease the injuries caused in the road accident, Perodua is recommend to have an emergency call system in its vehicles. It is useful when the driver was involved in an accident at unfamiliar location and do not know about the local emergency telephone numbers.
In European Union, they has requires all the car manufacturers to install an emergency call system in their vehicles from the year of 2018 which show that this technology is very important and useful system that will increase the safety on the road . Perodua can adopt similar technology such as HondaLink Assist from Honda Accord, this technology will be activate by connect with the Bluetooth linked phone. When the driver was involved in the accident and the airbags are goes off, this technology will automatically call an operator to find out the location of the vehicle and will try to contact the driver. If the driver was unable to communicate with the operator, then they will call the public rescue services and send them to the driver location.
In addition, Perodua may adopt the Tire Pressure Monitoring System to maintain or improve the safety driving environment and to avoid accident especially when driving in the highway. For some of the driver especially those young people, they are unfamiliar or do not know how to check the tire air pressure so this technology may provide an assistance to them. This system in the vehicle is to monitor the tire air pressure and will alerts the driver when it is too high or too low by appearing a warning light on the dashboard. So, the driver can take an immediately action to overcomes the problems such as when the TPMS Light comes on which indicate that the tire air pressure is too low or too high, the driver can immediately find the nearest petrol station to take away or add any gas. Thus, the driver will have an opportunity to avoid tire blowout which might cause the driver lose control of the car.
However, the cost of this system will be more expensive to maintain as compared to non-equipped tires. Therefore, Perodua may adopt other similar technology such as FOBO TIRE from Amazon, which is a small technology, the cost is more affordable and it has the similar function as the TPMS but need to works with the latest bluetooth linked phone device. Driver can monitor tire air pressure at anytime by checking on the FOBO TIRE app in their smart phone.Perodua also recommend to use the Automatic High Beam (AHB) technology from its competitor, Toyota or its Japanese partner, Daihatsu. Currently, Perodua does not have this types of technology in its vehicles. Perodua New Myvi use the LED headlight that are just too bright and will impair the oncoming driver.
As a result, it will not only harm the visibility of the driver and also may lead to an accident due to unable to identify and see the oncoming cars on the road. AHB is useful to overcome this problem because it will automatically adjust the brightness of the headlights to provide better visibility when it detect nearby car on oncoming lane. This technology also help to better detect any pedestrians at night especially when the pedestrians wear a dark clothes. If there are oncoming vehicle, the AHB will automatically lower down the brightness of the headlight or switch to low bean in order to less likely affect the visibility of the oncoming drivers. After that, it will switch to high bean or become brighter when there are no oncoming vehicle and the driving area is dark. Core CompetencyCore competency are the main strength of a business or company. Company may create a competitive advantage to be differentiate from its competitors in order stay in the marketplace.
Core competency of an organization may includes skill, knowledge, experience in certain activity. In order to build or identify the core competency of an organization is to fulfill the specific criteria of sustainable competitive advantage which is Valuable, Rare, Costly to imitate and Non substitutable capabilities. If an organization has fulfill all this 4 criteria then its competitive advantage is very strong and powerful.The core competency of Perodua is produce compact car at the affordable price and easy accessible to Malaysian. Perodua possesses the 4 capabilities in its Affordable price of the products, Excellent reliable brand, Strong marketing and promotion and Company culture. Affordable price of the products Price of the products and services are the primary requirement for low or medium income family or person to buy a vehicle. Perodua is using the low cost strategy to compete with other competitors.
The strategy partnership with Daihatsu enable Perodua to manufacture a compact car with advanced technology at affordable prices such as Bezza and Myvi. Perodua have a good relationship with its suppliers which enable the Perodua to enjoy a low cost of raw materials or a great discount from its supplies. The price range for the Perodua various vehicle is from RM 24,000 to RM 65,000. As the majority of Malaysian are affordable with the car prices, Perodua had successfully gain a market share of 33.82%, its total sales is 184,707 units over the total industry volume of 521,907 units on last year.
Hence, it is a sustainable competitive advantage for Perodua as it is valuable and rare because the prices offer by the Perodua is the lowest as compared with other competitors in Malaysia and it is also hardly to imitate since other brand vehicle with the similar vehicle feature, will costs double the money and no able to offer its product at cheaper price. This pricing advantage as compared to other competitors such as Toyota and Honda has attracted a lot of consumers. Excellent reliable brandBesides that, Perodua Myvi currently been awarded a 5-star ASEAN NCAP Safety Rating with an overall score of 88.27 points and is higher than the Toyota Vios which was also be awarded a five-star rating by obtaining an overall score of 81.63 points. Perodua has constantly improve its R skill and knowledge in order to manufactures a high quality of car with advanced technology . Recently, Perodua has improves its existing and add new safety features in its new vehicle, Myvi with the technical and technology support of Daihatsu.
The probability of the Perodua vehicle being recall is the lowest, it is indicate that all the component, part, safety features, system and engine are in the good condition and properly equipped in the vehicle. The other competitors such as Toyota, Honda and Nissan are the top 10 most recalled car brand in local and Proton also have recall almost 100,000 units of its vehicle in 2016. Most of the car brand recall their vehicle is due to the air bags problems or others safety features in its vehicles. Thus, it is valuable and rare resources since the products of Perodua is excellent reliability and build its vehicle with high quality of safety feature. It is also difficult to imitate and without substitutes because most of competitors are facing with the high probability of vehicle being recall in the future which might affect their car brand name and reputation. Strong marketing and promotion.Perodua also have strong promotion such as giving discount, cash rebates, free gifts . Besides that, Perodua often advertise its products in different types of media such as website, newspaper, television and use direct and personal selling strategy to promote their products and services.
Perodua had launched its UFirst Website and UFirst Perodua Passport Mobile Application to offers information and other benefits. Perodua also work together with other group in other industries or other countries such as bank or financial institution to further promote its products and boost its sales. For example, Perodua Sales Sdn Bhd signed a five years agreement worth RM355 million with the PETRONAS Dagangan Bhd in order to get the supply of 17 million litres of higher grade engine oil from Petronas. Therefore, it is a valuable capabilities and is costly to imitate because for other competitors who has a low or moderate marketing skills will need to spend more times and money to imitate the strategy apply by the Perodua such as the partnership with Petronas, Perodua has consumer a huge amount of money. However, it is not rare and substitutable because some of the marketing strategy is very common and other competitors also can find alternative ways to compete with Perodua. Company culture Perodua believe its employees is play an important role in achieving its goals. Perodua always encourage its employees to develop a new ideas and build a effective teamwork culture in the organization for greater efficiency and productivity. The culture will always motivate its employees to be more effective and efficiency in every activities they performed.
In order to maintain this culture, Perodua have provide regular specialized training to its staffs in order to keep updating their knowledge and skill, give an attractive reward based on its staff performance and constantly upgrading its benefits such as raise its employee’s salary, medical incentives or bonus. Besides that, Perodua continuously provide a better working environment, new and advanced technology, facility and equipment for its employees to perform their task effectively and efficiency. Minorities are taking an important position in the organization which indicate that every staff in the organization will be given an equal opportunity for career advancement. This culture is also a valuable and rare resources, since the Perodua has taken many years to develop and accept this culture in the organization and it is difficult and costly to imitate by other competitors in the future. Core competencyValuableRareCostly to imitateNon-substitutableCompetitive ConsequencesPerformance ImplicationsAffordable price of the products ? ? ? XTemporary competitive advantageAverage returns to above-average returnsExcellent reliable brand????Sustainable competitive advantageAbove-average returnsStrong marketing and promotion ? ? X XCompetitive parityAverage returnsCompany culture????Sustainable competitive advantageAbove-average returns
